Loom for weaving weft pile fabrics



Aug. 14, 1934. w. B. COOPER El AL LOOK FOR WEAVING WEFT FILE FABRICSFiled Sept. 14, 1933 Vf/V T R i ATTORNEY Patented Aug. 14, 1934 UNITEDSTATES PATENT OFFICE LOOM FOR WEAVING WEFT PILE memos ApplicationSeptember 14, 1933, Serial No. 689,360

6 Claims.

This invention relates to looms and is more particularly directed tolooms for weaving weft pile fabrics wherein the pile is produced byloops of weft extending upwardly from the body fabric.

In the production of weft pile fabrics it has heretofore been thepractice to provide the loom with wires which extend in substantialparallelism with the warp threads and to raise and lower these wiresalternately for the passage of the weft inserting mechanism, first aboveand then below such wires. The former practice has necessitated the useof mechanism for raising and lowering the wires thereby adding to thecomplication of the loom structure and destructive wear of parts.

One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a loom whereina weft pile fabric may be produced by means wherein strength anddurability of construction are combined with 20 ease and emciency ofoperation. More particularly stated the invention consists in providingthe dents of the reed each with a weft loop forming member which extendsfrontwardly from the reed dents and by which the weft thread which is toform the pile surface is looped over the loop forming members and boundto the body fabric I by binder warp threads.

Inasmuch as the pile forming wefts are thus looped it is desirable thatthere shall be also a backing fabric and so the present inventioncontemplates the formation of' two sheds, preferably an upper and,alower shed, and mechanism for introducing weft shots in each shed, sothat on the beat up the weft shot in the upper shed will be looped overthe weft loop forming members and secured by the binder warps to thebacking fabric.

The invention and novel features thereof will best be made clear fromthe following description and accompanying drawing of one good formthereof.

In the drawing:-

Fig. l is a sectional side elevation of certain loom parts showing thepresent invention associated therewith;

Fig. 2 is an enlarged detail showing the relation of parts and thethread structure as the lay moves to the beat up;

Fig. 3. is a detailed elevation looking fromthe front of the loomtowards the reed when the pile forming weft has been looped over theloop forming members and bound to the backing fabric by the binderwarps;

Fig. 4 is a side elevation of one of the reed.

dents showing a feature of the invention associated therewith;

Fig. 5 is a longitudinal section of a weft pile fabric produced inaccordance with the present invention; A

Fig. 6 is a transverse section of the fabric showing more particularlythe'weft pile loops and the manner in which they are bound to thebacking fabric; and

Fig. 7 is a side elevation of an usual form of needle mechanism forsimultaneously introducing a weft shot in each end.

Only suflicient portions of the loom are illustrated to make clear theconstruction and mode of operation of the present invention illustratedtherewith. I

In Fig. 1 the breast plate 1 may be of usual construction and extendtransversely of the loom so that the fabric as woven moves over thebreast plate.

As shown in the present instance the fabric is of the so-called twoplane type in which the binder warps a, b are operated by the sheddingmechanism to produce an upper and a lower shed with the stuffer warps 0between.

The shedding mechanism may be of any usual type and, as indicated,comprises movable heddle frames 2 and 3 for raising and lowering thebinder warps a, b and a fixed heddle frame 4 for controlling or.holdingthe stufier warp in a fixed position, so that on the formation of theupper and lower sheds the stufier warps 0 remain in a plane between thetwo sheds.

The lay 5 is mounted for rocking movement on the shaft 6 and is actuatedfrom any usual going part of the loom to impartto the lay beat upmovements.

Mounted on the lay is the reed carrier '7 in which are secured the reeddents 8 and, as shown, the reed carrier 7 and. consequently the reeddents may be adjusted vertically by an adjusting device such as thescrew 9 which may be threaded into a bearing 10 carried by the lay. Themounting of the lay is such that as it is given its frontward or beat upmovement the reed is caused to travel 100 towards the front of the loomin an upwardly curved are substantially as indicated by dash and dotedlines a: y.

Each of the reed dents 8 is provided with a weft "loop forming member 11which extends 105 frontwardly from each reed dent a distancesubstantially equal to the transverse dimension of an upper weft shot.

As hereinbefore indicated it weaving certain types of fabric isdesirable in that a weft shot 1 shall be placed in the upper shed andsimultaneously a weft shot shall be placed in the lower shed and as onemeans for effecting this end a needle mechanism is employed comprisingthe two needles 12 and 13, Fig. 7, one of which as 12 carries the upperweft thread d and the other of which 13 carries the lower weft thread 6.Each needle is secured to a carriage 14 to which they 7 may bedetachably secured and the carrier 14 is given its reciprocatingmovements by an arm 15 from a rod 16 actuated from a going part of theloom, the result being that when the needle mechanism is operated theupper weft thread d will be carried into the upper shed and the lowerweft thread 6 will be carried into the lower shed or, in other words,the two weft shots d and e will be simultaneously introduced into theirrespective sheds, at which time, of course, the lay is in its backposition, as indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 1.

When the lay is in-its back position, dotted lines, Fig. 1, the uppersurface 17 of the loop forming members carried by the reed dents will besubstantiallyin the plane of the stuffer warps c or below the upper weftshot, and as the lay moves toward the front of the loom during the beatup such surface will travel in the are 18, or in other words, willtravel in an upwardly curved arc towards the fell of the cloth, with theresult that the loop forming members 11 will engage beneath the upperweft shot on the first part of the beat up movement and as the laycompletes its beat up the upper weft shots will be lifted to form loops19 therein. This condition is indicated in Fig. 2 where the lay is partway in its travel towards the fell of the cloth and at such times itform the body fabric.

will be noted that the warp binder threads (2, as shown, will by theirtension engage the upper weft shot between the loop forming members 11and depress the same towards the stuifer warp c, as shown in Fig. 3,while the other binder warp b will securely anchor the lower weft shot eto The thread structure is well indicated in Fig. 6 where a transversesection of the completed fabric is shown, and it will be seen that asthe lay goes back from the beat up the loop forming members 11 arewithdrawn from under the loops of the pile forming weft, so that thelatter takes the condition as indicated in Fig. 6.

In the longitudinal section of=- the completed fabric, as shown by Fig.5, the course of the binder warps a and b and the position of thestuifer warps c is shown, and it will be noted that the binder warp apasses over an upper weft shot d, then down about the lower weft ,shot ein alternating relation with the binder warp b which takes a similarrelation in the thread structure.

Variations in the height of the weft loops may be had by adjustment ofthe reed upwardly or downwardly under the manipulation of the adjustingscrew 9.

What is claimed is:--

1. In a loom for weaving weft pile fabrics, the combination of sheddingmechanism for dividing the warp into an upper shed and a lower shedseparated by a dead stuifer warp, the lay having a reed, the dents ofwhich are provided with frontwardly extending loop forming members,

the upper surfaces of which are substantially in the plane of thestuffer warps when the lay is in back position, and means forintroducing a weft shot in the upper shed and a weft shot in the lowershed that the loop forming members may pass under the weft shot in theupper shed and form loops therein as the lay beats up both weft shots.

2. In a loom for weaving weft pile fabrics, the combination of sheddingmechanism for dividing the warp threads into an upper and a lower shed,means for introducing a weft shot in the upper shed and a weft shot inthe lower shed, a lay having a reed, the dents of which have weft loopforming members extending frontwardly therefrom, and means forsupporting the lay for frontwardly swinging movement in an upwardlycurved are that the loop forming member may engage beneath the upperweft shot and form loops therein as both weft shots are beaten up.

3. In a loom for weaving weft pile fabrics, the combination of sheddingmechanism for dividing the warp threads into two sheds, means forintroducing a weft shot in each shed, a lay mounted for beat up movementin an upwardly curved arc, and a reed carried by the lay and providedwith dents having weft loop forming members extending frontwardly fromthe dents a distance substantially equal to the transverse dimension ofthe upper weft shot that as the reed moves frontwardly the loop formingmembers will be engaged beneath the upper weft shot and lift portionsthereof to form loops therein as both weft shots are beaten to place.

4. In a loom for weaving weft pile fabrics, the combination of sheddingmechanism for dividing the warp, means for introducing a weft shot inthe shed, the lay having a reed, the dents of which are provided withweft loop forming members rigid therewith and extending frontwardlytherefrom a distance substantially equal to the transverse dimension ofa weft shot.

5. In a loom for weaving weft pile fabrics, the combination of sheddingmechanism for forming an upper and a lower shed, needle mechanism forintroducing simultaneously a weft shot in each shed, a lay, a reedmounted on the lay and comprising a series of dents each of which isprovided with a weft loop forming projection extending frontwardly belowthe upper weft shot to engage the latter and form weft pile loopstherein as both weft shots are moved towards the fell of the cloth onthe beat up.

6. In a loom for weaving weft pile fabrics, the combination of sheddingmechanism for forming an upper and a lower shed, needle mechanism forintroducing simultaneously a weft shot in each shed, a lay, a reedmounted on the lay and comprising a series of dents each of which isprovided with a weft loop forming projection extending frontwardly belowthe upper weft shot, and means for supporting the lay for frontwardmovement in an upwardly curved arc to cause the weft loop formingmembers to raise portions of the upper weft shot and form loops thereinas the lay beats up both weft shots.

WELLESLEY B. COOPER. ERNEST THEODORE PHOENIX.

